Arachnoid cysts, fluid-filled lesions in the central nervous system, present diagnostic challenges. This study explores a rare case of a quadrigeminal arachnoid cyst in a 13-year-old girl, focusing on precise diagnosis and treatment. The patient experienced blurred vision and headaches, leading to the discovery of papilledema and imaging that revealed a large cyst causing obstructive hydrocephalus. Prompt surgical intervention, including suboccipital craniectomy and infratentorial-supracerebellar cyst drainage, resulted in positive postoperative outcomes. The study also delves into anatomical variations, age-related factors, and etiological discussions to enhance understanding. MRI and other diagnostic advancements are crucial for noninvasive characterization. This case provides valuable insights into managing arachnoid cysts, highlighting the effectiveness of personalized surgical approaches. Recognizing clinical nuances, leveraging diagnostic innovations, and tailoring surgical techniques are vital for addressing the complexities of arachnoid cysts in the central nervous system.