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Critical appraisal
Evaluate a paper with a teaching checklist.
Saved locally in this browser. Download your draft to keep a separate copy. This workspace is not an ethics submission or a validated appraisal score.
Paper title and citation
Study design and relevant reporting guideline
Is the question clear and important? Explain.
How were participants selected? Consider selection bias.
Are exposure and outcome measurements credible and consistent?
Which confounders were considered and how were they addressed?
How were missing data and losses handled?
Does the analysis match the design and assumptions?
What are the effect estimates and uncertainty?
What ethics, consent and transparency details are reported?
How applicable are the findings to your setting?
Your overall interpretation, limitations and remaining questions
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Find the reporting guidance for your study design ↗